Power-hammer.



D. BELL;

POWER HAMMER.

APPLICATLQN FILED MAY1a.19.1s.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

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Devin BELL, or, nUFrALo, New Yoan, assre-Noa ro BUrrALo roUNnnY a MACHINE COMPANY, or BUFFALO, Nnw YORK, A CORPORATION or Nnw YORK.

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speei'etin or Lett-eers Patent.

Patented Mar. 296, 1918.

Appiieation fue@ nay 13, 191e, serial No. 97,214.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known-that I, Davm BELL, a .citizen of the-United States, residing atludalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Power-Hammers, of which the fol` lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a power hammer and has for its object to so mount the hainnier head that the guides for the same may bo removed from the hammer head and the columns or frames while the hammer head is arranged between these Ouides and with# out detaching the hammer head or necessif tating lifting the same above the top of the guides for this purposeas has been cus` tomar i heretofore.

'p In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a front hammer equipped with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same, on an enlarged scale, taken' substantially on line 2-2, Fig. l and showing the right 3 is a fragmentary end elevation of the lower parts of the hammer. Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. i

In its general organization this power hammer comprises a bed plate or base l, two columns or side frames 2, 2 secured at their lower ends to opposite ends of the bed plate and rising therefrom, a head or cap 3 secured to the upper ends of the columns, an anvil block 4 arranged within an Opening of the bed plate between the columns and provided at its upper end with an anvil 5,

an anvil die 6 mounted on the upper side of the anvil, a vertically movable hammer head 7 arranged between the upper parts of the columns or side frames, an engine or motor cylinder 8 mounted on the head 3, a piston 9 arranged to move vertically in this cylinder and connected with the hammer head by means'of a verticalV piston rod 10, and a hammerheaddie llvmounted on the lower end of thezhammer head and adapted tocoperate with the anvil die. i

Fluid under pressure is utilized in kthis example of theV power hammer for raising the hammer head and also assisting gravity in depressing the same for delivering a blow against the workpiece 12 which 1s interposed between the anvil die and hammer liead die.

elevation' of a powerv The pressure fluid for this purpose is controlled by means of a valve mechanism which comprises a valve chamber `13 and a vertically movable valve rod 1Liwhich is operatively connected with the valves in the valve chamber. This valve mechanism of itself forms no part of this invention and the same is therefore not shown in detail.

In hammers of this ,type as heretofore constructed the anvil block, hammer head and the dies mounted thereon were usually so' arranged that the same were in line with or parallel with the longitudinal center line of thebed plate and columns which arrangement rendered it impossible to forge Or lhammer a' workpiece if the lenth of the workpiece exceeded the length of the gap or space between the lower parts of the columns `and therefore limited the capacity of the hammer accordingly; ln this improved hammer the anvil block, hammer head and the dies and other parts associated therewith are arranged at an angle relative to the center line of the bed plate and the coluns, preferably at an angle of 2O degrees with reference to this line, as shown in Fig. 2. By thismeans a workpiece, as shown by dotted lines in Figs. l and 2 and having a length greater than the distance between the lower parts of 'the columns can still clear the adjacent parts of the columns, thereby enabling the full widthl of the faces of the dies to Operate upon such a workpiece. The capacity of the machine is therefore materially .increased without any increase in the cost of equipment, installation and amount of room required for placing the hammer.

The improved means for guiding and mounting the hammer head on the columns are constructed as follows:

On the opposing sides of the upper parts of the columns the same are provided rek arranged at right angles to the companion inner bearing face. Secured to these bearing faces are two guides 17, 17 between which the hammer head moves vertically and is guided during this movement. These guides are adjustably secured to the longitudinal bearing` faces of the rabbets so as to be capable of horizontal adjustment in a direction transversely of the hammer for the purpose of taking up wear between the coperating surfaces of these guides and the hammer head. The preferred means for this purpose which are shown in Figs. 1 and 2 consist of clamping bolts 18 passing horizontally and transversely through the columns and throughhorizontally elongated openings 19 in the guides. 1n order to confine the hammer head against lateral displacement the coperating surfaces of the hammer head and guides are provided with complementary coperating vertical tongues and grooves 20, 21, 22, 23 the tongues of one of these members being adapted to enter the grooves of the other member, as shown in Fig. 2. These guides are by this means adjustably supported in the position inwhich they are arranged at the same angle relative to the longitudinal center line of the base and columns as the anvil block,

hammer head and the dies mounted thereon.

For the purpose of holding the guides firmly in their operative position and in proper engagement with the hammer head so that the latter is guided in its vertical movements two gibs 24, 24.- arc employed each of which is arranged between the outer transverse side of one of the guides and the adjacent outer side or bearing face of the rabbet on the companion column. Each of thesegibs preferably tapers downwardly and has its outer side which engages with the transverse side of the respective rabbet arranged vertically while its inner side is inclined and engages with the inclined outer transverse side of the companion guide. Upon forcing the gibs downwardly while the clamping bolts 18 of the guides are loose the wedging action of these gibs will cause the guides to be moved toward each other and engage fully with opposite vertical transverse sides of the hammer head so that there is no slack between the hammer head and the guides. This downward movement of each gib may be eected in various ways vbut preferably by the means which are shown in the drawings and which comprise an upright adjusting screw 25 on one of the guides and passing at its upper end through a lug 26 projecting inwardly from the upper end of the respective gib, and clamping nuts 27', 28 arranged on the adjusting screw 25 and bearing against the upper and lower sides of the gib lug 26, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. After the gibs have been thus shifted for adjusting the guides into proper en arranged between the same.

these gibs is provided on its outer side withV a vertical groove S1 which receives aA tongue 32 on the inner part of each retaining plate or clip2 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. rlhese gibs are also arranged at the same angle as the guides, hammer head, anvil block and the dies so as to coperate properly therewith. 'The depth of the coperating vshaped tongues and grooves of the guides and hammer head and the tapering ferm of the gibs is preferably so determined that when the gibs are removed from between the columns and the outer sides of the guides it is then possible to move the guides horizontally away from opposite transverse edges of the hammer head for disengaging the coperating guide tongues and grooves of the last mentioned parts while the hammer head is still arrangedV between the guides. This is preferably accomplished by making the interlocking V-shaped tongues and grooves of the guides and hammer head of a width less than the thickness `of the small ends of the tapering gibs and in prac tice 'it has been found satisfactory for this purpose to make the guide tongues one and three-eighths inches wide and the small end of the tapering gibs one and five-eighths inches in thickness. remove the guides for inspection, adjustment and repairs this can beaccomplished withoutrmoving the hammer head above the top of the guides for this purpose and without moving the hammer head into any Vother particular location inasmuch as the guides can be removed while the hammer head is 1n effecting such removal of the guides it is only neces sary to first remove the gib retainer plates and then raise the gibs suiiic-ient to discon neet the same from the adjusting screws or bolts 25 after which the `gibs may be removed laterally outward from between the columns -and the guides so that thereafter the latter Inorder therefore to lll) The iiiiioverl`- means for operating the Y valve inechanisilr of the motor by movement the hammer and engages with a vertically rocking" or swinging cam 34s forming part B of the-'means' .whereby the movementot the hammer head is transmitted tor the' valve mechanism- As' shown in the drawings this cam engages at-its lower end with the cam plate and is pivotally mounted at its upper end on a hori-Zontal'roclr shaft 35 which is jonrnaledin4 a bearing, 3G on the upper :firm of a shifting lever Bwhich is pivoted by means of a pm 38 on the adjacent part of the right hand column. By turning the lever 37 the position or the cani 34 relative to the cam plate may be varied tosecure the desired action of the hammerduring theV hammering or forging operation. The cam shait i-'1s provided with a horizontal rock arm 39 which connects with the valve rod l-l previously described so that any motion transmitted by the cam plate to the cam will be imparted to the valve mechanism which operatively connected with this valve rod.

The face of the cam plate is arranged at right angles of the longitudinal center line of the bed plate and columns and parallel with the axes ofthe rock shaft 35 and the pivot 38 of the shifting lever 37. At its inner or rear edge the cam plate is detachably mounted upon the front side of the hammer head by providing the rear edge of the same with an upright attachingfla'nge 40 which is of dove-tail'form in cross section and of tapering form in the direction of its length, being' preferably smaller at its lower end and larger at its upper end. This attaching flange engages with a correspondingly shaped groove ll in the front side of the hammer head which permits of attaching the cam plate tothe hammer head by simply insertingthe flange of this cam plate into the dove-tailed and downwardly tapering groove 41 in the hammer head and then driving this cam plate downwardly until its flange is tight on the hammer head. By this means the cam plate may be arranged in proper relation to the parts which coperate with the valve mechanism of the motor and its mounting on the hammer head may be arranged at the same angle as thehammer and associated parts which permit of eX- tending the workpiece beyond the gap of the hammer and still permit the full width of the dies to be employed on the same.

By arranging the dies, anvil block, hammer head, guides and associated parts at a suliicient ,angle relatively to the longitudinal center line of the bed plate and columns,

vantageous when ing work and also character to* be employed for doing certain classes' of ordinaryheavy blacksniithswork-L` thus arrangingthe anvil blok and hainlner andV ass(related` pats the` necessity for using' dies in which the faces" are set` at a dilierent angle relative to thesurface' of the` hammer head is avoided and not only simplilies and reduces the cost of construction' but also enables all of the falling parts of me hammer and on` straight lines without any objectinable' twists" or angles'i'n the saine which are diliicult tri-make andi increase'the cost of manufact-ure. This" straight line construction which is thus possible is not conlined to the formation of the'A dies but is*f also present' in the guides, hammer head and gibs.

By making the guides removable without disturbing the position of the hammer head it is possible to repair and adjust the guides easily and expeditiously so that no undue inthe anvil' to be constructed c terruption in the use of the hammer is connecting' said guides with said frame and l passing entirely guides. 2. A

through said columns and power hammer comprising aV frame Y provided with opposing rabbets, guides engaging the longitudinal sides of said rabbets, gibs arranged between the transverse sides of the rabbets andthe back of said guides, a hammer head movable between said guides, clamping bolts connecting said guides with' said frame and removable retaining plates seured to said frame and engaging said gi s.

3. A power hammer comprising a frame provided with opposing rabbets, guides engaging the longitudinal sides of said rabbets, gibs arranged between the transverse sides of the rabbets and the back of said guides, a hammer head movable between said guides, clamping bolts connecting said guides with said frame and removable retaining plates secured to said frame and engaging said gibs, said guides and hammer being provided with complementary coperating vertical tongues and grooves.

al. A power hammer comprising a frame provided with opposing rabbets, guides engaging the longitudinal sides of said rablll) ` sides of the rabbets and the back of said guides, and a hammer head movable between said guides, said hammer and guides being provided with cooperating tongues and grooves and the distance between the back of each guide and the' transverse face of the corresponding rabbet being at least equal tothe depth of the cooperating tongues and grooves so that said guides may be removable from said hammer while the latter is between said guides and attached to its actuating mechanism.

5. A power hammer comprising a frame provided with opposing rabbets, guides engaging the longitudinal sides of said rabbets, gibs arranged between the transverse sides ol he rabbets and the back of said guides, a hammer head movable between Copies of this patent may be obtained for said guides, clamping bolts connecting said .ating vertical tongues and grooves, said rabbets opening forwardly their entirewidths so that said gibs are removable laterally from between said frame and guides and the distance between the back of each guide and the transverse face of the respective rabbet being at least as great as the depth of' said complementary tongues Vand grooves so as v to form a clearance space which permits said. guides to bedisengaged laterally from said hammer while the latter is between the guides.

DAVID BELL.

ve cents each, by addressing the i Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

